AUDIENCE
Audience is the term given to a group of people that are assembled at a performance, such as watching TV or listening to a radio programme. It is technically the act of hearing or attending.
ADVERTISING STANDARDS AUTHORITY (ASA)
The ASA is a company that works to make sure that all adverts in the UK are acceptable and meet the rules and regulations set up by themselves. It regulates adverts from all media areas, including TV, internet, sales promotions, marketing, radio, etc.
BROADCASTERS AUDIENCE RESEARCH BOARD (BARB)
BARB is the official UK website that gives the official measurement of UK TV audiences. It is responsible for giving the viewing figures for people that watch TV and the share each channel has for the viewing figures.
BRITISH BOARD OF FILM CLASSIFICATION (BBFC)
The BBFC determines the rating on all films released in the UK; it is responsible for age restrictions on games, DVD's and films in the cinema. However, it can be overruled by local councils.
BROADCASTING
Broadcasting is the distribution of texts via TV, radio and film to the public audience. It can also be broadcasted digitally via the internet by sites such as iPlayer.
COMPANY SIZE: MAJOR COMPANIES (TNC)
Major companies are companies that are known nationwide / worldwide and own smaller companies within themselves. Examples of these include Sky and the BBC.
COMPANY SIZE: BIG TO MEDIUM SIZED
Big to medium sized companies are ones that fall below a certain limit (turnover).
COMPANY SIZE: INDEPENDENT
An independent company is one that is not government owned or by a small number of shareholders. They do not offer shares to the public; the companies shares are offered, owned, traded or exchanged privately.
CROSS MEDIA COMPANIES
Cross media commpanies are ones that have a range of different companies spread throughout the media industry. For example, they may own a TV company, a radio company and an advertising company. It basically spreads across platforms.
HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION
Horizontal integration occurs when a firm is being merged with another company in the same industry in the same stage of production as they are. It is known as "buy out" or "take over". It can also be linked with horizontal expansion, which means that the company is expanding. The more the better in this case.
INSTITUTION
NEW MEDIA INDUSTRY
The new media industry refers to the add ons to the traditional media industry (TV, written work, radio, etc). It has developed to include the new technologies that are now developing, such as the internet and computer-enabled comsumer products.
NARROWCASTING
This is sort of like a niche audience, it is aimed at a small group of people that have a specific interest. Basically it means that they base their product on a specific topic (narrow), whereas broadcasting is where they cover a wide range of topics.
NATIONAL READERSHIP SURVEY (NRS)
This is the equivalent of the BARB, but estimates how many readers each newspaper and magazine has. They are a non-profit organisation, and they interview 36000+ adults every year in order to get their results. The interview lasts roughly 27 minutes.
OFFICE OF COMMUNICATIONS (OFCOM)
OFCOM regulates the airwaves, such as TV, mobiles, radio, broadband and fixed line telecoms. They ensure that the audience get the best from their telecommunications service, and that their is nothing on the air that could offend. They are in charge of punishing programmes that they feel have created an offence.
PRESS COMPLAINTS COMMISSION (PCC)
The PCC is an independent body that deals with complaints from the public about editorial content from magazines and magazines. It is free and easy for the public to access as it is self-regulatory. All complaints are explored under the Code of Practise which binds all magazines and newspapers.
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
This is where a person, or group of people exclusively own a piece of property or business. It is legally theirs.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP
This is where the piece of property or business is owned by the state, government or community.
PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING
This is refering to services that are funded by public money, such as the BBC. They charge an annual fee in order to watch or listen to their services, which means that no adverts are played during programmes.
REGULATORY BODY
This is where a regulatory agency or government agency regulates some areas of public activity.
SELF-REGULATORY BODY
A self-regulatory body is where a company regulates themselves without help from the government, often meaning that their is no legal costs for the public to use their services.
VERTICAL INTEGRATION
This is a firm is engaged in different parts of production, for example, growing materials, manufacturing, transporting, marketing and finally retail.
